*Organizational Change *Program Evaluation Monitoring Organizational Behavior [3660]. Human. ACT-R associative strength cognitive architectures cognitive modeling cognitive skill acquisition Common Lisp computational linguistics dips DMAP EPIC expertise extreme expertise eye movements GOMS interaction design JSON leaps Measures of Semantic Relatedness natural language processing performance plateaus Rational analysis Semantic similarity measures soar Space Fortress Tetris Transfer tutorial VGEM
2017 |
Veksler, Bella Z; Boyd, Rachel ; Myers, Christopher W; Gunzelmann, Glenn ; Neth, Hansjörg ; Gray, Wayne D Visual Working Memory Resources Are Best Characterized as Dynamic, Quantifiable Mnemonic Traces Journal Article Topics in Cognitive Science, 9 (1), pp. 1-19, 2017. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ACT-R, Eye tracking, Resource allocation, visual search, Visual working memory @article{bella17topiCS, title = {Visual Working Memory Resources Are Best Characterized as Dynamic, Quantifiable Mnemonic Traces}, author = {Veksler, Bella Z. and Boyd, Rachel and Myers, Christopher W. and Gunzelmann, Glenn and Neth, Hansjörg and Gray, Wayne D.}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12248}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-01-15}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {1-19}, abstract = {Visual working memory (VWM) is a construct hypothesized to store a small amount of accurate perceptual information that can be brought to bear on a task. Much research concerns the construct's capacity and the precision of the information stored. Two prominent theories of VWM representation have emerged: slot-based and continuous-resource mechanisms. Prior modeling work suggests that a continuous resource that varies over trials with variable capacity and a potential to make localization errors best accounts for the empirical data. Questions remain regarding the variability in VWM capacity and precision. Using a novel eye-tracking paradigm, we demonstrate that VWM facilitates search and exhibits effects of fixation frequency and recency, particularly for prior targets. Whereas slot-based memory models cannot account for the human data, a novel continuous-resource model does capture the behavioral and eye tracking data, and identifies the relevant resource as item activation.}, keywords = {ACT-R, Eye tracking, Resource allocation, visual search, Visual working memory}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Visual working memory (VWM) is a construct hypothesized to store a small amount of accurate perceptual information that can be brought to bear on a task. Much research concerns the construct's capacity and the precision of the information stored. Two prominent theories of VWM representation have emerged: slot-based and continuous-resource mechanisms. Prior modeling work suggests that a continuous resource that varies over trials with variable capacity and a potential to make localization errors best accounts for the empirical data. Questions remain regarding the variability in VWM capacity and precision. Using a novel eye-tracking paradigm, we demonstrate that VWM facilitates search and exhibits effects of fixation frequency and recency, particularly for prior targets. Whereas slot-based memory models cannot account for the human data, a novel continuous-resource model does capture the behavioral and eye tracking data, and identifies the relevant resource as item activation. |
2003 |
Gluck, Kevin A; Ball, Jerry T; Krusmark, Michael A; Rodgers, Stuart M; Purtee, Mathew D A computational process model of basic aircraft maneuvering Incollection Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling, 2003. Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: ACT-R, Predator Unihabited Air Vehicle, STE, synthetic task environment, UVA @incollection{gluck03iccm, title = {A computational process model of basic aircraft maneuvering}, author = { Kevin A. Gluck and Jerry T. Ball and Michael A. Krusmark and Stuart M. Rodgers and Mathew D. Purtee}, year = {2003}, date = {2003-01-01}, booktitle = {Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling}, abstract = {This paper describes a computational process model of basic aircraft maneuvering. It is an embodied performance model, implemented in ACT-R, that operates a Predator UAV synthetic task environment. The design of the model is borrowed from the Control and Performance Concept, a widely taught technique for instrument flight, and from discussions with subject matter experts. Comparisons with human data show the model to be a good approximation to expert human performance, although the model shows more intra-maneuver variability. The paper concludes with a description of methodological and implementation details that make this cognitive modeling effort distinctive.}, keywords = {ACT-R, Predator Unihabited Air Vehicle, STE, synthetic task environment, UVA}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {incollection} } This paper describes a computational process model of basic aircraft maneuvering. It is an embodied performance model, implemented in ACT-R, that operates a Predator UAV synthetic task environment. The design of the model is borrowed from the Control and Performance Concept, a widely taught technique for instrument flight, and from discussions with subject matter experts. Comparisons with human data show the model to be a good approximation to expert human performance, although the model shows more intra-maneuver variability. The paper concludes with a description of methodological and implementation details that make this cognitive modeling effort distinctive. |
2000 |
Gray, Wayne D; John, Bonnie E; Kieras, David E; Davis, Deborah Boehm A The GOMS SIG: troubleshooting, lessons learned, novel applications, teaching techniques & future research Inproceedings CHI '00 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 297–297, ACM, The Hague, The Netherlands, 2000, ISBN: 1-58113-248-4. Links | BibTeX | Tags: ACT-R, cognitive modeling, cognitive task analysis, CPM-GOMS, EPIC, evaluation, GOMS, interaction design, NGOMSL, prototyping, soar, usability engineering @inproceedings{gray00chi.sig, title = {The GOMS SIG: troubleshooting, lessons learned, novel applications, teaching techniques & future research}, author = { Wayne D. Gray and Bonnie E. John and David E. Kieras and Deborah A. Boehm Davis}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/633292.633466}, doi = {10.1145/633292.633466}, isbn = {1-58113-248-4}, year = {2000}, date = {2000-01-01}, booktitle = {CHI '00 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, pages = {297--297}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {The Hague, The Netherlands}, series = {CHI EA '00}, keywords = {ACT-R, cognitive modeling, cognitive task analysis, CPM-GOMS, EPIC, evaluation, GOMS, interaction design, NGOMSL, prototyping, soar, usability engineering}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inproceedings} } |
1999 |
Gray, Wayne D; John, Bonnie E; Kieras, David E; Boehm-Davis, Deborah A The GOMS SIG: troubleshooting, lessons learned, novel applications, teaching techniques, & future research Inproceedings CHI '99 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 336–336, ACM, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1999, ISBN: 1-58113-158-5. Links | BibTeX | Tags: ACT-R, cognitive modeling, cognitive task analysis, CPM-GOMS, EPIC, evaluation, GOMS, interaction design, NGOMSL, prototyping, soar, usability engineering @inproceedings{gray99chi.sig, title = {The GOMS SIG: troubleshooting, lessons learned, novel applications, teaching techniques, & future research}, author = { Wayne D. Gray and Bonnie E. John and David E. Kieras and Deborah A. Boehm-Davis}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/632716.632919}, doi = {10.1145/632716.632919}, isbn = {1-58113-158-5}, year = {1999}, date = {1999-01-01}, booktitle = {CHI '99 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, pages = {336--336}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania}, series = {CHI EA '99}, keywords = {ACT-R, cognitive modeling, cognitive task analysis, CPM-GOMS, EPIC, evaluation, GOMS, interaction design, NGOMSL, prototyping, soar, usability engineering}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inproceedings} } |
1996 |
Kirschenbaum, Susan S; Gray, Wayne D; Young, Richard M Cognitive Architectures & HCI Journal Article SIGCHI Bulletin, 28 (2), pp. 18-21, 1996. Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: 3CAPS, ACT-R, cognitive architectures, computational cognitive modeling, construction-integration., EPIC, simulation, soar, user modeling @article{kirsch96chiBul, title = {Cognitive Architectures & HCI}, author = { Susan S. Kirschenbaum and Wayne D. Gray and Richard M. Young}, year = {1996}, date = {1996-01-01}, journal = {SIGCHI Bulletin}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {18-21}, abstract = {The Cognitive Architectures and Human- Computer Interaction Workshop examined computational cognitive modeling approaches to human-computer interaction issues (HCI). The five major architectures and variations represented were briefly summarized. Participants compared approaches to a set of selected HCI problems and alternative solutions, and compared the strengths and weaknesses of the architectures. A list of additional issues was generated and discussed.}, keywords = {3CAPS, ACT-R, cognitive architectures, computational cognitive modeling, construction-integration., EPIC, simulation, soar, user modeling}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Cognitive Architectures and Human- Computer Interaction Workshop examined computational cognitive modeling approaches to human-computer interaction issues (HCI). The five major architectures and variations represented were briefly summarized. Participants compared approaches to a set of selected HCI problems and alternative solutions, and compared the strengths and weaknesses of the architectures. A list of additional issues was generated and discussed. |
1992 |
Gray, Wayne D; Atwood, Michael E Transfer, Adaptation, & Use of Intelligent Tutoring Technology: The Case of Grace Incollection Farr, M; Psotka, J (Ed.): Intelligent instruction by computer: Theory and practice, pp. 179-203, Taylor and Francis, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 1992. Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: ACT-R, Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Programing Languages, Expert Systems, intelligent tutoring system, ITS @incollection{gray92chptr, title = {Transfer, Adaptation, & Use of Intelligent Tutoring Technology: The Case of Grace}, author = { Wayne D. Gray and Michael E. Atwood}, editor = {Farr, M. and Psotka, J.}, year = {1992}, date = {1992-01-01}, booktitle = {Intelligent instruction by computer: Theory and practice}, pages = {179-203}, publisher = {Taylor and Francis}, address = {Philadelphia, PA, USA}, abstract = {The Grace Tutor, an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) for teaching COBOL, is part of the ACT* (Anderson, 1983; 1987a) family of tutors. The Grace Tutor and the student interact in a mixed-initiative dialogue. The tutor's side of the dialogue is controlled by four components: a cognitive model (or simulation) of the ideal student, an ``overlay'' model of what the student does and does not know (knowledge tracing), a curriculum specification, and an interface component. For the Grace Tutor the ACT* tutor technology was transferred from the university research laboratory to an independent, corporate development laboratory. In this chapter we discuss our first year of work on the Grace Tutor as a case study in how an ITS architecture, developed at a university as a research project, was transferred, adapted, and used by a corporation. A second theme that we interweave with the first is that of ITS as CHI, or ITS as a good domain in which to study and explore issues in computer-human interaction.}, keywords = {ACT-R, Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Programing Languages, Expert Systems, intelligent tutoring system, ITS}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {incollection} } The Grace Tutor, an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) for teaching COBOL, is part of the ACT* (Anderson, 1983; 1987a) family of tutors. The Grace Tutor and the student interact in a mixed-initiative dialogue. The tutor's side of the dialogue is controlled by four components: a cognitive model (or simulation) of the ideal student, an ``overlay'' model of what the student does and does not know (knowledge tracing), a curriculum specification, and an interface component. For the Grace Tutor the ACT* tutor technology was transferred from the university research laboratory to an independent, corporate development laboratory. In this chapter we discuss our first year of work on the Grace Tutor as a case study in how an ITS architecture, developed at a university as a research project, was transferred, adapted, and used by a corporation. A second theme that we interweave with the first is that of ITS as CHI, or ITS as a good domain in which to study and explore issues in computer-human interaction. |
0000 |
Hope, Ryan M; Schoelles, Michael J; Gray, Wayne D Connecting the world to ACT-R using JSON and TCP Inproceedings pp. 1-2, 0000. Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: ACT-R, Common Lisp, JSON, TCP @inproceedings{hope13iccm-jni, title = {Connecting the world to ACT-R using JSON and TCP}, author = { Ryan M. Hope and Michael J. Schoelles and Wayne D. Gray}, pages = {1-2}, crossref = {conf:iccm15}, abstract = {Connecting ACT-R models to software written in languages other than Common Lisp can be quite challenging. Over the years a number of attempts have been made to make this easier, some of which have been more useful and generalizable than others. Most solutions have resulted in operating system or programming language specific solutions. In the present paper we introduce the first truly cross-platform and programming language agnostic solution for connecting ACT-R to external software. We accomplish this with a simple JSON API that is transmitted over TCP.}, keywords = {ACT-R, Common Lisp, JSON, TCP}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inproceedings} } Connecting ACT-R models to software written in languages other than Common Lisp can be quite challenging. Over the years a number of attempts have been made to make this easier, some of which have been more useful and generalizable than others. Most solutions have resulted in operating system or programming language specific solutions. In the present paper we introduce the first truly cross-platform and programming language agnostic solution for connecting ACT-R to external software. We accomplish this with a simple JSON API that is transmitted over TCP. |
Hope, Ryan M; Schoelles, Michael J; Gray, Wayne D Connecting the world to ACT-R using JSON and TCP Inproceedings 0000. Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: ACT-R, Common Lisp, JSON, TCP @inproceedings{hope13iccm-jni-poster, title = {Connecting the world to ACT-R using JSON and TCP}, author = { Ryan M. Hope and Michael J. Schoelles and Wayne D. Gray}, crossref = {conf:iccm15}, abstract = {Connecting ACT-R models to software written in languages other than Common Lisp can be quite challenging. Over the years a number of attempts have been made to make this easier, some of which have been more useful and generalizable than others. Most solutions have resulted in operating system or programming language specific solutions. In the present paper we introduce the first truly cross-platform and programming language agnostic solution for connecting ACT-R to external software. We accomplish this with a simple JSON API that is transmitted over TCP.}, keywords = {ACT-R, Common Lisp, JSON, TCP}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inproceedings} } Connecting ACT-R models to software written in languages other than Common Lisp can be quite challenging. Over the years a number of attempts have been made to make this easier, some of which have been more useful and generalizable than others. Most solutions have resulted in operating system or programming language specific solutions. In the present paper we introduce the first truly cross-platform and programming language agnostic solution for connecting ACT-R to external software. We accomplish this with a simple JSON API that is transmitted over TCP. |